Is Quartz Countertops Natural Stone?

Quartz countertops have become an increasingly popular option for kitchen and bathroom remodeling projects in recent years. But there is often some confusion around whether quartz countertops qualify as a natural stone product. In this detailed article, we’ll examine what quartz countertops are made of, how they are produced, and whether they can rightly be considered natural stone.

What is Quartz?

To understand if quartz countertops are natural stone, we first need to understand what quartz is. Quartz is a mineral that is found abundantly in nature. It is composed of silicon and oxygen atoms (chemical formula SiO2). Quartz is found in many different types of rock formations including sandstone, granite, shale, and slate.

Quartz is valued for its hardness and durability. On the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, quartz has a rating of 7 out of 10, which means it is relatively resistant to scratches and etching. Quartz’s chemical makeup also makes it very stable and non-reactive. These properties make natural quartz an ideal material for countertops and other surfaces.

How Quartz Countertops Are Made

While natural quartz exists abundantly in nature, quartz used for countertops is an engineered and fabricated product. Quartz countertops are made from crushed natural quartz combined with resins, polymers, and pigments under intense heat and pressure.

The basic process for manufacturing quartz slabs is as follows:

Quartz crystals are mined and then crushed into a fine particle powder. This provides the bulk of the material.
Pigments are added to achieve different colors. Titanium dioxide is often used for white slabs.
Resins and polymers (usually polyester or epoxies) are added as binders to hold the material together.
The mixture is compacted under vacuum conditions, then vibrating at high frequencies to remove air pockets.
It is then molded into slabs and cured in high-temperature ovens.
The slabs are polished to achieve the desired finish.

So while the main ingredient is natural quartz crystals, other substances are added to create the engineered slabs used for countertops and surfaces. The ratio of natural quartz to resins and polymers can vary from one manufacturer to another.

Is Engineered Quartz Considered a Natural Stone?

Given the production process, there is some debate around whether quartz countertops should be categorized as natural stone products. Here are some key considerations:

Quartz countertops contain abundant natural material (usually over 90% crushed quartz) along with resin binders, so they are not purely synthetic.
However, quartz slabs do not come directly from nature in their finished form. The blending with resins and polymers under factory conditions makes quartz countertops more akin to engineered stone products.
In terms of appearance, quartz lacks the veins, pitting, and unique variations that come with natural stone slabs cut directly from quarried blocks. The look of quartz is more uniform.
Quartz is non-porous and stain resistant, unlike many natural stones that require sealing. This is due to the resin binders filling the pores.
In terms of performance, quartz countertops act more like man-made materials than natural stone. They resist etching, scratches, and heat better than natural stone.

Based on these factors, most experts consider quartz countertops to be in the engineered stone category rather than a true natural stone. They have some qualities of natural stone but are ultimately fabricated in a factory with additional materials added. Still, it is understandable why consumers may be confused on this point since quartz countertops do contain high percentages of natural quartz crystals.

Quartz vs. Natural Stone Countertops

To better understand where quartz falls compared to other countertop materials, let’s quickly compare it to some popular natural stone options:

Granite Countertops

Granite slabs are cut directly from natural granite blocks quarried from the earth. So granite is always considered a “natural stone”.
Granite contains natural mineral crystals like quartz, feldspar, and mica that give it color variations and patterns.
Granite is porous and needs to be sealed to prevent staining. Quartz does not require sealing.
Granite is harder than quartz on the Mohs scale (around 7 to 8).
Like quartz, granite is non-reactive and heat resistant. Both are good choices for kitchens.

Marble Countertops

Marble is a metamorphic limestone that comes directly from natural stone quarries, so it is always categorized as a natural stone.
Marble has veins of mineral deposits that give it unique coloring and aesthetics. No two slabs are exactly alike.
Marble is softer and more prone to etching/scratching than quartz which has uniform hardness.
Marble is also much more porous than quartz, requiring frequent sealing.
Heat can damage marble since it has lower heat tolerance than quartz.

Soapstone Countertops

Soapstone is quarried directly from steatite rock deposits, so it is considered a natural stone.
Soapstone has a smooth, soft feel and a lighter grey/greenish color. Quartz has a harder finish and wider range of colors.
Due to its softness, soapstone can be more prone to scratching than quartz. It also needs occasional sealing.
Soapstone withstands heat well and is non-reactive like quartz.

In summary, while not a “pure” natural stone, quartz does offer some advantages over natural stone in terms of uniformity, durability, and maintenance. But for a true natural look, granite, marble or soapstone may be preferable.

Pros and Cons of Quartz Countertops

Now that we’ve covered what quartz countertops are made of and how they compare to natural stone, let’s examine some of the key benefits and drawbacks of quartz counters:

Pros of Quartz Countertops:

Durable and scratch resistant – Quartz hardness and strength make it able to withstand heavy use.
Low maintenance – Doesn’t require regular sealing like natural stone. Simple cleaning is enough.
Resists staining – Very unlikely to stain from spills due to non-porous binding resins.
Heat and scorch resistant – Can tolerate hot pots/pans unlike some natural stones.
Neutral pH – Won’t react to acidic foods like vinegar, lemons.
Wide variety of colors/styles – Manufacturers offer hundreds of color and pattern options.
Consistent color and quality – Engineered process allows reliable results slab to slab.

Potential Drawbacks:

Higher cost – Natural stones like granite are usually cheaper than quartz.
Somewhat unnatural look – Lacks the true depth, pitting, and veining of natural stone.
Requires factory fabrication – Installation is more complex than simple slab granite or soapstone.
Harder to repair – Nicked or damaged areas can be difficult to restore unlike natural stone.
Limited recyclability – Not as eco-friendly as natural materials due to resins.

Overall quartz counters provide an excellent combination of aesthetics, durability, and ease of maintenance for busy kitchens and baths. But the tradeoffs in cost and authenticity of look should be weighed when choosing between engineered quartz and natural stone options.

Quartz Countertop Brands

There are a number of leading manufacturers producing quartz slabs and countertops today. Some of the major brands to look for include:

Caesarstone – One of the first quartz manufacturers, founded in 1987. Known for high-quality quartz in a wide array of colors and styles.
Cambria – American company that uses some recycled materials in their quartz products. Provides a natural matte finish.
Silestone – A popular Spanish brand owned by Cosentino. Offers many bold, vibrant colors.
LG Viatera – High-end quartz with large veining patterns created with hi-tech processes.
DuPont Zodiaq – Produced by the famous American science company; known for a consistent polished look.
Quartz Master – Budget-friendly quartz slabs and counters sold at large home improvement chains.
Vicostone – Vietnam-based company focused on affordable mid-range quartz products.
Hanwha Surfaces – South Korean company that produces the popular HanStone quartz brand.

Always be sure to buy from reputable manufacturers like these, as low-quality quartz can have durability and performance issues. Look for warranties of at least 10-15 years for quartz countertops.

Cost of Quartz Countertops

Quartz countertops are generally priced within the range of natural stone materials like granite and marble. Here are some rough averages for installed quartz countertops:

Basic Quartz Slabs – $40 – $70 per square foot
Fabricated & Installed – $80 – $120 per square foot
Full Kitchen Remodel – $3,000 – $5,000 (materials + installation)

However, quartz pricing can vary more widely based on:

Brand – Premium designers like Cambria can be $100+ per square foot
Colors – Unusual/vibrant colors sometimes cost more
Edge treatments – Built-up, beveled, or artistic edges raise prices
Installation complexity – Simple flat spans vs L-shaped kitchens with cutouts
Location – Prices trend higher in some markets like NYC, San Francisco, etc.

Talk to a few quartz fabricators and request free estimates before finalizing your budget. Be sure to get every expense in writing upfront.

Should I Choose Quartz or Granite?

Granite and quartz are two of the most popular options for upgraded kitchen or bath countertops today. But how do you decide which is better for your particular needs? Here are some key factors to consider:

Appearance

Granite offers a genuine natural look with random patterns. Quartz has a more uniform appearance, although styles are improving.

Durability

Quartz is harder than granite. Less prone to chips, scratches, and cracks over time.

Maintenance

Quartz requires little maintenance. Granite needs periodic sealing.

Cost

Granite is often less expensive than quartz of comparable quality.

Resale Value

Both granite and quartz are desirable features that can improve home resale.

Colors and Styles

Granite comes in limitless natural patterns. Quartz offers colors and patterns not found in nature.

In summary, granite is better for an authentic stone appearance on a budget. Quartz offers superior durability and ease of care. Both are great choices that add value and appeal to kitchens or bathrooms.

Caring for Quartz Countertops

To keep quartz counters looking like new for years to come, be sure to follow these care recommendations:

Regular Cleaning – Use a mild soap and water. Avoid abrasive cleaners that could dull the finish.
Avoid Scratches – Don’t cut food directly on the surface. Always use a cutting board.
Handling Heat – While quartz resists heat damage, always use trivets or hot pads under very hot pans/pots.
Sun Exposure – Prolonged direct sunlight can eventually cause some fading. Close blinds when not in use.
Spills and Stains – Blot up spills immediately before they have a chance to set. Avoid leaving liquids pooling.
Heavy Pressure – Refrain from applying heavy force at small points that could potentially chip the quartz.

With proper care, quartz counters will stay looking like new for many years of heavy use. Visit your installer for recommended maintenance products. Promptly repair any chips or cracks that do occur over time.

Frequently Asked Questions

Still have some questions about quartz countertops and whether they qualify as natural stone? Here are answers to some frequently asked questions:

Is quartz 100% natural?

No, quartz used for countertops contains approximately 90% ground quartz combined with resins and polymers under factory conditions. So while not 100% natural, it does contain high amounts of natural quartz stone material.

What’s better: quartz or granite?

There is no definitively “better” option. Granite offers a genuine stone look at lower cost. Quartz is engineered to be harder and lower maintenance. It comes down to personal priorities for aesthetics, durability and maintenance.

Does quartz have resale value like granite?

Yes, quartz and granite can both positively impact home resale value and are expected features in higher end kitchens. Either material is a good investment.

Can quartz get damaged or stained?

Quartz is very resistant, but not completely immune to damage. Cracks, chips or fine scratches are possible under the right circumstances. Simple cleaning maintains its appearance.

Is quartz healthier than granite?

Both materials are considered food-safe and non-toxic when from reputable fabricators. Neither material leeches chemicals under normal conditions. Quartz requires less sealing maintenance.

Does quartz cost more than granite?

In most cases, yes. Due to the advanced engineering and fabrication, quartz countertops tend to cost 20% to 30% more than granite of comparable quality.

Conclusion

While not a “pure” natural stone, quartz countertops offer the look and feel of stone while delivering added durability, stain resistance, and easy maintenance. The high percentages of natural mineral content qualify them as “engineered stone.” When produced by leading brands like Caesarstone, Cambria, and Silestone; quartz countertops make an excellent choice for busy kitchens and bathrooms. They provide natural beauty without some of the drawbacks of delicate natural stones. Just be aware they lack the authentic veining and variations found in true granite, marble and soapstone. But for homeowners wanting the best blend of aesthetics and practicality, quartz has clear advantages making it one of the most popular options on the market today.

Here is a summary of the key points:

Quartz countertops contain over 90% crushed natural quartz crystals held together by resins and polymers.
The manufacturing process makes quartz more engineered stone than a true natural stone.
Quartz offers uniform colors and styling unlike the unique variations of granite or marble.
In terms of performance, quartz resists staining, etching, and heat better than many natural stones.
Leading quartz brands include Caesarstone, Cambria, Silestone, and DuPont Zodiaq.
Quartz costs 20% to 30% more than granite countertops on average.
Quartz requires very little maintenance compared to natural stone.
While not 100% natural, quartz offers an excellent combination of aesthetics and practical functionality.