Quartz countertops have become increasingly popular in recent years for use in kitchens and bathrooms. Made from engineered stone, quartz combines natural quartz crystals with resins and pigments to create an attractive, durable, and low-maintenance surface. But with the rise in popularity of quartz, it can also be confusing to distinguish from other countertop materials like granite and solid surface. This article will explore the key characteristics of quartz countertops to help you recognize and identify them.
Appearance of Quartz Countertops
The appearance of quartz can vary widely depending on the quality of the stone and manufacturing process. Here are some of the defining visual features of quartz countertops:
Consistent Stone Pattern
One of the hallmarks of engineered quartz is that it has a very consistent, uniform stone pattern. Natural stone like granite has irregular swirls and movement, while a quartz slab will have a repeating pattern across the surface. This gives it a more modern, manmade look compared to natural stone. The pattern can range from fine specks to large fragments or veins.
Vibrant Colors
Quartz comes in a vast array of colors, from subtle white and cream to bold reds, blues, and blacks. Engineered quartz allows pigments to be added to create vibrant colors not always found in natural stone. These vivid colors maintain their hue and do not fade over time like some granite or marble.
Glossy or Matte Finish
Quartz can have either a polished, glossy finish or a honed, matte finish. A gloss finish accentuates the color while a matte finish softens the look. This versatility of finishes allows quartz to fit both modern and more traditional kitchen designs.
Minimal Visible Veining
While some quartz has visible veining to mimic natural stone, many have little to no distinctive veining. The color and pattern tend to be consistent throughout the slab with minimal movement. Veining that is present is often uniform in color and width.
Lack of Pitting or Holes
Because it is engineered, quartz does not contain pits, holes, or natural fissures like granite or marble. It has a smooth, pore-free surface across the entire countertop. Any voids on the surface indicate low quality or damage.
Speckled Flecks Throughout
Small specks of quartz crystals in various colors are interspersed throughout the slab. These specks catch and reflect light, adding dimension and radiance. The flecks are evenly distributed, not clustered or concentrated in one area.
Texture and Feel of Quartz Countertops
In addition to visual cues, the texture and feel of the surface can help identify quartz countertops. Consider the following tactile qualities:
Smooth and Even Surface
Dragging your hand across a quartz counter, you’ll feel a very smooth, consistent texture. Engineered stone offers smoothness comparable to polished marble or granite without the unevenness of natural stone.
Non-Porous
Unlike granite or marble which are somewhat porous, quartz is entirely non-porous. This means liquid and grime do not penetrate the surface at all. Quartz has a “plastic” feel as opposed to the more absorbent quality of natural stone.
Cool to the Touch
Quartz does not readily conduct heat. Leaving a hot pan on the surface, the surrounding area remains cool to the touch. This makes it safer for kitchen use compared to other stones which can get hot.
Hardness and Resistance
Applied pressure or a scratch test reveals the strength and hardness of quartz. It is comparable to granite in hardness, being largely resistant to scratches, impacts, and etching. This hardness comes from the quartz crystals fused in the stone.
Less Water Absorption
Compared to natural stone, quartz absorbs hardly any water. This means it stains and etches less from spills and acidic foods. A few drops of water on the surface will bead up unlike more porous options like marble.
Maintenance Needs of Quartz
Quartz is touted as being a low maintenance material. Here’s what to expect in terms of upkeep:
Heat Tolerance
While quartz can withstand heat, prolonged direct exposure can cause damage. Trivets and hot pads should be used, especially for sous vide cooking methods. Rapid temperature changes can also create hairline cracks.
Scratch Resistant
Quartz holds up well against scratches and scuffs from regular kitchen use. However, avoid abuse from sharp objects which can leave marks. A plastic cutting board should be used to protect the surface.
Stain Resistance
With proper cleaning, quartz resists most stains from food and liquids. However, oils and grease can penetrate and cause discoloration if left unattended. Avoid leaving spills longer than necessary.
Non-Porous
The non-porous nature of quartz prevents damage from spills sitting on the surface. Liquids don’t soak in and permanently stain the countertop which makes cleanup easier.
Routine Cleaning
For routine cleaning, only mild soap and water is required. Harsh chemicals and scouring pads should be avoided as they can dull the finish. Sanitizing wipes or spray is effective for disinfecting.
Less Sealing
Unlike natural stone, quartz does not require regular sealing to prevent staining and etching. Most quartz requires sealing just once a year, if at all. This makes maintenance more convenient.
No Honing or Polishing
Quartz counters do not require re-sanding or polishing to restore the finish. The glossy surface remains smooth for years with proper cleaning. Professional refinishing is rarely needed.
Durability of Quartz Surfaces
Quartz is touted as being one of the most durable countertop materials available. Here are some of its durability advantages:
Impact Resistance
Engineered quartz can withstand accidental impacts from kitchen items being set down hard. Dropped pots, pans, mixing bowls and more won’t crack, chip or break quartz.
Scratch Resistance
In terms of scratch resistance, quartz performs comparable to granite. Both materials resist scratches from regular kitchen use. However, avoid cutting directly on the surface.
Chip Resistance
Chips are less likely on quartz compared to natural stone surfaces. Quartz does not flake or crack along the edges like granite or marble countertops.
Stain Resistance
With routine care, quartz does not stain easily from spills and food residue. Acids like lemon juice or vinegar only require a quick wipe down to avoid etching.
Heat Tolerance
While high heat can damage the surface, quartz withstands typical heat exposure in the kitchen. Using trivets for hot pans is recommended to prevent cracking.
Doesn’t Etch Like Marble
Being non-porous, quartz does not etch when exposed to acidic foods and liquids. This provides an advantage over marble which requires diligent sealing.
Crack/Scratch Repairable
Minor damage like superficial scratches and hairline cracks can be sanded and polished out of quartz by a professional. Permanent damage is rare under normal use.
Mold/Mildew Resistant
Quartz does not support mold or mildew growth as it lacks pores for moisture to collect. Its non-porous nature makes quartz very hygienic.
Long Warranties
Many quartz manufacturers offer 15 to 25 year warranties on their countertops covering defects, discoloration, and durability issues. This demonstrates long-term performance.
Cost Considerations for Quartz
Quartz costs more than laminate or tile but is competitive with many natural stones. Here are a few factors affecting the price:
More Affordable Than Granite
Quartz is priced very competitively with granite, usually ranging between $50-100 per square foot installed. In some cases it can be cheaper than granite.
Varies by Color and Finish
Unique colors and finishes like metallic flecks or a polished surface could increase the overall cost. Popular white/neutral colors are typically more affordable.
Competitive Brand Pricing
Major brands like Caesarstone, Cambria, and Silestone are priced very similarly. Choosing a less recognized brand could yield some savings.
Includes Fabrication
Quartz prices include fabrication charges which covers shaping, edging, and installation. This avoids hidden fees beyond just the material costs.
Greater Consistency in Pricing
Due to quartz being engineered and not natural stone, pricing tends to be very consistent between suppliers. More variables affect natural stone pricing.
Requires Professional Installation
Being very heavy, quartz counters need professional fabrication and installation. DIY installation is not recommended, unlike some tile or laminate.
How to Choose Your Quartz Countertops
Picking the right quartz countertop for your space involves considering a few key factors:
Style of Kitchen or Bathroom
Modern styled rooms pair well with bold quartz colors like black, red or blue flecked with metal. Traditional kitchens tend to use softer whites, creams or tans.
Usage for Countertop Space
For heavy prep areas, smoother quartz with minimal patterns works best. Busy spaces like a bathroom vanity can handle busier quartz patterns to hide day-to-day wear.
Color Compatibility
Choose a quartz color that complements your cabinetry, flooring, backsplash and other finishes. Contrasting tones can make each element stand out.
Visual Interest
Subtle quartz patterns recede while bolder variations with movement create visual impact. The amount of veining and speckles depends on your desired look.
Coordinating with Appliances
Aim for similar tones between quartz and appliances. A light quartz counter can get dingy looking next to white appliances over time.
Edge Styles
Edges impact the aesthetic and functionality. Eased or rounded edges soften modern designs. Straight edges create lines while bullnose adds space.
Budget for Project
Limit material costs to 30% or less of total kitchen or bath remodel budget. Higher priced exotic stones can blow the budget on just the counters.
Samples and Visualization
View large quartz samples on-site to see how light and color come through. Many brands also have visualization tools to preview your design.
FAQs about Quartz Countertops
Does quartz rival granite in terms of quality and prestige?
Quartz is considered comparable to granite in many ways, offering a high-end look without some of granite’s downsides. With unique colors and patterns plus extreme durability, quartz has become competitive with granite in quality and popularity.
Is quartz pore-free and resistant to bacteria growth?
Yes, quartz is non-porous so it does not allow any penetration of moisture or bacteria below the surface. This prevents the growth of bacteria making quartz among the most hygienic counter surfaces.
How durable and damage-resistant is quartz?
Quartz rates 7 to 8 out of 10 on the Mohs hardness scale so it resists scratches, chips, cracks, heat, and stains. These durability ratings rival granite but quartz requires a bit more care with extremely hot items.
Does quartz come in thicker slabs than granite?
Yes, quartz slabs typically come in 3/4″ thickness while granite is more often 3/8″ to 1/2″ thick. The extra thickness makes quartz very sturdy for counters. Edges can be built up even thicker if desired.
Can you cut directly on quartz countertops?
It’s not recommended to cut directly on quartz as sharp knives can damage the surface over time. Always use a cutting board to protect the countertop, even though minor scratches can be sanded out.
How often does quartz need to be sealed?
Since it is non-porous, quartz rarely needs sealing. Some manufacturers recommend sealing once a year but many quartz owners go years without sealing at all since liquids don’t penetrate the surface.
Can quartz get scratches and water marks like marble or other natural stones?
No, quartz resists scratches, etching, and water marks better than marble or granite. Its non-porous nature prevents absorption of liquids that can leave marks on natural stone surfaces. Proper cleaning prevents most scratches.
Conclusion
With the characteristics covered in this guide, you should now be able to readily identify quartz countertops by their appearance, texture, performance, and qualities that set them apart from other surfaces like granite, marble, and laminate. Key traits to look for are the engineered uniformity, vibrant colors, glossy or matte finishes, hardness, durability, stain resistance, and low maintenance needs. While no material is indestructible, quartz offers an ideal balance of beauty, practicality and lasting quality for kitchens and bathrooms. Taking the time to recognize the unique advantages of quartz can help you choose the perfect worry-free countertops to match your home décor.